Peasants DBQ Essay

This revolt kept going from 1524 till 1526, it started in the German states, and the fundamental purpose behind the revolt was new Lutheran thoughts that were starting to conflict with the conventional Catholicism thoughts. Records 1,4 and 5 give understanding on the perspectives the individuals who were on the respectability side, Documents 2 and 3 give increasingly explicit subtleties over the perspectives on workers lastly for Documents 7,8 and 12 clarify how the principally how the revolt didn’t have a lot of importance behind it. Records 1, 4, and 5 clarified the perspective of the respectability which for the most part the entirety of the honorability concurred it was negative. In Document 1the Chancellor of Bavaria composed how he accepted that the revolt was essentially the conviction of the time and that’s why such a significant number of workers were following a similar conviction. However the chancellor doesn’t understand the side of the worker who make progress toward a superior life for themselves, they essentially need to have more rights for the independence. In report 4 it clarifies how they have not arrive at any strict accomplishments, so for their opportunity they should give a lot of cash to purchase their opportunity. With respect to archive 5 a pope clarifies how the laborers are progressively similar to rescues and act exceptionally merciless during their revolt. Each of the 3 of these reports are more than likely incredibly one-sided since the honorability just needed to bette r themselves and no one else. Report 2 and 3 clarified how the laborers felt during the revolt which they not at all like the honorability accepted their activities were heading off to a positive reason. In report 2 a nearby craftsperson clarify how the rulers been brutal to all workers. He is expressing the rulers and aristocrats should offer installment for their administrations not just power them to do task like slaves. This identifies with Luther’s information and thoughts rather laborers apply it not exclusively to the congregation however outside of the congregation. In record 3 they clarify an inappropriate doing of the master by controlling worker, they proceed into saying that the rulers set by god would be the just a single laborers would follow, however that they should in any case be liberated and not be under such huge numbers of limitations. The two sides won't be completely right since the two of them endeavor to better themselves,â which obviously they would keep up inclination to their s ides. Reports 7, 8, and 12 clarify the antagonistic side of the revolt from a third individual perspective. Report 7 originates from Martin Luther saying how the revolt from the workers repudiates what they said; he continues clarifying that their activities are under the fallen angels request. In spite of the fact that the moves they may have made wasn’t the best reaction they fought for what they had faith in and all from the beginning of time this has happened ordinarily battling for what you believe is correct. Archive 8 clarifies how in the event that they all are siblings, at that point the rich should impart their riches to the workers, yet many would experience difficulty with this, in light of the fact that the one person’s riches is each affluent individual riches. Report 12 clarifies how the laborers overlooked their place in the revolt, how they don't have the ability to de3ciede for themselves. It genuinely shows how the laborers have definitely no word in their treatment.

The Nursing Profession Free Essays

Presentation The definition nursing fluctuates starting with one nation then onto the next. In any case, the universal Council of Nurses characterizes nursing as a calling that covers self-ruling and collective consideration of people all things considered, families, ages, gatherings, debilitated or well in all settings (Carol Dawn, 2011). In a more extensive viewpoint, it incorporates advancement of wellbeing, care for the wiped out, debilitated and anticipation of sicknesses. We will compose a custom paper test on The Nursing Profession or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Experts have named it as to a greater extent a calling than a calling since it includes escalated care giving, now and again in extraordinary conditions. The job of medical caretakers in the contemporary society has developed from the medieval years, as they are viewed as essential parental figures. Attendants are prepared expertly in various zones of medication. Be that as it may, ongoing patterns in nursing have invited specialization in nursing credited to the complexities in the clinical calling (Carol Dawn, 2011). Evidently, propelled preparing is required to guarantee medical attendants are capable as they manage individuals and their lives. Scholastic capability for nursing An article by Ipek C. G. Kasikci (2011) uncovers that specialists of nursing must delineate sympathy and compassion since nursing involves something other than care giving. Given the thorough obligations endowed in the hands of medical caretakers, they have to accomplish certain degree of preparing. A solid instructive foundation in wellbeing sciences goes far in making sure about affirmation in an organization of higher learning. Science and human physiology are territories the one meaning to seek after nursing must show capability. Arithmetic is additionally an instrumental in the clinical calling as it exhibits ones explanatory abilities to manage the thorough field of clinical sciences (Ipek Kasikci, 2011). I attempted preparing in crisis reaction and organic science. I accept this places me in an interestingly qualified situation to be considered for entrance into a clinical science program. Abilities in nursing Undertaking a profession in nursing isn't a simple assignment, as it includes extended periods of time of duty and penance. Figuring out how to manage differentiated cases requires singular responsibility and energy. Be that as it may, being energetic about nursing can tremendously be fulfilling and fulfilling. Aside from the long vocation and voluminous course works, figuring out how to deal with and manage individuals is a piece of the nursing calling. Medical caretakers experience individuals from all occupations, and not these individuals will be decent consistently (Ipek Kasikci, 2011). The circumstance is more terrible to the degree that a few specialists look down on medical caretakers as their sub-par partners while a few patients can be excruciating. Given the measure of work medical attendants do, consolidation by patients and specialists can be incredibly fundamental in inspiring and giving them the genuinely necessary good help. Subsequently, medical attendants must show aptitudes of company and responsibility toward their occupations (Hiscott, 1998). Subsequently, nursing requires an individual’s full responsibility to the activity. Medical attendants work in shifts that permit greatest yield. Now and again, the activity requires extended periods of time of work, implying that one can go hours without food or days without rest just to spare an actual existence. This may prompt weariness that may bring about exorbitant mix-ups. In light of this viewpoint, it is significant that medical attendants create cooperation abilities to empower them work in groups (Harrison Journeaux, 2011). Cooperation isn't a simple undertaking as there are various individuals in the group with various characters and characters. Having the option to cooperate and appoint obligations to partners helps in the smooth running of activities in wellbeing establishments. Coordinating these aptitudes to my calling, I trust I am a driven, solid and dedicated individual, searching for a difficult position. I have the capacity to chip away at own drive with least management, yet additionally appreciate working in a group. I can oversee extends viably and function admirably under tension. How would you prevail at a meeting? How could you know about our projects I am an ardent peruser of instructive substance with an enthusiasm for nursing. I originally got a referral from one of my mentors to audit some work done by one of your institution’s researchers. A short time later, I discovered that your organization had a skillful and generally perceived clinical sciences office. How would you stay aware of occasions and improvements in medication Through clinical and current undertakings distributions, I am ready to stay up with the latest on improvements in the clinical field. I utilize the web routinely, which gives me access to all the data I may require. I follow works by a portion of the institution’s top researchers, as they are engaged with pivotal looks into in changed territories of medication. Given the wide expert territory, what made you select nursing as your calling I trust I have an enthusiasm for clinical science. I had an involvement with dealing with my pregnant auntie, and working at different social insurance establishments, for example, Chase Farm Hospital. My prosperity during these occasions caused me to understand that I am satisfied by helping others out of luck. The appreciation given to me by those I care for is sufficient to rouse me to give fulltime care to the individuals who need it most. What exceptional characteristics do you have that prepare you for a vocation in nursing I trust I am most appropriate for a situation in your nursing program, as I have the essential preparing in crisis reaction and care. I have outstanding scholarly evaluations in wellbeing sciences and arithmetic, which will help in my preparation. Having dealt with old family members and chipping in at the neighborhood adolescent safe houses, I have the necessary experience that will empower me flourish as a nursing understudy. I have a Midwifery HE Diploma and BA Honors in Marketing Management from the University of Westminster. What pulled in you to this office and what do you want to accomplish in this position I was pulled in to this office by the inventive work done by individuals partnered to this establishment. I plan to get a nursing degree that will empower me to be an exceptionally qualified parental figure. Where do you see yourself in three years In three years, I will have completed my nursing degree from this remarkable foundation and on target for a prosperous nursing vocation. What was your most critical accomplishment to date My most critical accomplishment to date is participating in an adolescent pregnancy outreach program with an end goal to arrive at youthful youngsters and youthful moms. The program was planned for engaging youthful moms and pregnant adolescents. Have you at any point took care of a troublesome patientHow did you handle the circumstance No, I have not, however on the off chance that I experience one over the span of my obligation, I would leniently ask the patient what the issue is before choosing that most ideal route on how I can help dependent on their reaction. On the off chance that I can't address the worries raised by the patient, I would talk with my prompt unrivaled on the best strategy corresponding to the patients concerns. How might you rate your correspondence level I trust I am an incredible audience who can discuss well with individuals since I have a receptive outlook. I allow individuals to be heard and tune in to their perspectives. What would you be able to do to persuade patients To spur patients, I would consistently be sure and wise. Moving patients to positive stories and having them grin will help in spurring a patient. Positive feelings implies patients are idealistic and confident of their recuperation. Given the idea of the calling, being certain ought to be a necessity for all medical caretakers. References Crusade for typical birth: The regal school of maternity specialists. Seen 24 October 2012 from http://www.rcm.org.uk/school/crusades occasions/battle for-typical birth/ Ipek C. G. Kasikci, M. 2011, Development of the Attitude Scale for Nursing Profession. Universal Journal of Nursing Practice, 17 (5): 518-24 Harrison, J. Journeaux, M. 2011, Promoting nursing and maternity care as a potential profession for school leavers. Nursing Standard, 26 (9): 35-40 Hymn H. First light R. 2011, What Is NursingExploring Theory and Practice. NY: SAGE, 2011 Hiscott, R. 1998, Career Paths of Nursing Professionals: A Study of Employment Mobility. NY: McGill-Queens Instructions to refer to The Nursing Profession, Essay models

Coping WIth Daemonophobia or the Fear of Demons

Coping WIth Daemonophobia or the Fear of Demons Phobias Types Print Getting Help for Daemonophobia By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 24, 2019 John Elk III/Lonely Planet Images/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand Demons in Hollywood Legend Tripping Daemonophobia and Children Parapsychology Getting Help Management View All Back To Top Daemonophobia, or the fear of demons, is a phobia often rooted in religious beliefs. Some religious denominations believe that demons are real, powerful entities that have the ability to possess humans, causing them to behave in unthinkable ways. Other sects believe that possession is unlikely or even impossible, but that demons are capable of wreaking havoc in other ways. Still, others believe that the spirits capable of possessing us are helpful and beneficent, and ritualized spirit possession is part of regular religious practice. Not all daemonophobia is rooted in religious issues, but if you have this fear, it may be worthwhile to examine both your current belief system and the one with which you were raised. Some people develop a fear of demons while going through a crisis of faith or a major change in religious traditions. Events that cause you to reexamine your childhood can also lead you to question changes you have made as an adult, including changes in religious beliefs. Demons in Hollywood Like ghosts, demons feature prominently in many blockbuster films and best-selling novels. Released in 1973, The Exorcist is perhaps the best-known film depiction of demonic possession, but demons remain a popular theme in the movies of today. Computer-generated imagery techniques allow each film to put its own gruesome spin on the creatures, while Blu-ray players and HDTVs allow us to recreate the movie theater experience at home. It is unlikely that a film would create a brand-new phobia, but those who suffer from daemonophobia might be triggered by such movies. Legend Tripping Legend tripping is a rite of passage for many teens and young adults. Urban legends about haunted locations are prevalent around the world, and many of the stories feature a demonic element. In a legend trip, a group of friends heads out to face down the urban legend. The trips generally take place at night. In effect, the kids set themselves up for a scare. Expectations can influence perceptions, and legend-tripping teens usually expect a frightening experience. Planning the trip, retelling the story over and over and finally making their way to a deserted bridge or highway or cemetery in the middle of the night heighten the anticipation. Under these conditions, it is very easy to convince themselves that strange noises or optical illusions are proof that the legend is true. Although the legend trippers prove their courage by confronting their fears, legend tripping can actually worsen a legitimate phobia. Many people return from a legend trip convinced that they were just moments away from a dismal fate, heightening the belief in the legend and ultimately cementing the phobia. Daemonophobia and Children Fears are exceptionally common in young children, but most kids grow out of them. Like the bogeyman, demons may represent nothing more than a childs attempt to make sense of the unpredictable world around him. Nonetheless, some children do develop legitimate phobias. Check with your childs doctor if the fear seems unusually severe, if she begins refusing to do things she previously enjoyed or if the fear lasts for more than a few months. Children may also be more susceptible to movies, books, TV shows, and video games. Monitor small childrens activities and enjoy things that you are not sure about together. Discuss your beliefs and answer their questions honestly and simply. Your Gifted Childs Imagination Could Lead to Intense Fears Parapsychology Although parapsychology is not generally recognized by the mainstream scientific community, experiments in parapsychology have produced results that cannot always be fully explained. Some people develop daemonophobia after undergoing an unusual experience with an Ouija board, a séance or a ghost hunt. Getting Help Before seeing a mental health professional for daemonophobia, it is helpful to organize your own thoughts and beliefs. Although the phobia is sometimes seen as a potential sign of a thought disorder, most mental health professionals recognize the importance of the clients personal beliefs. In addition, think through your goals of therapy. Do you want to stop believing in demons altogether? Do you simply want to be able to watch horror movies with your friends? Knowing the answers to these questions ahead of time can help you and your therapist plan a course of treatment that is appropriate to your needs. Management Although it is always best to seek professional help for any phobia, many people are able to manage their symptoms. If you belong to a religious organization, you may find solace in talking with your religious leader or trusted peers. Researching demonic possession can help ease your fears, but only if you carefully screen your sources. If you choose to do research, stick to trustworthy websites run by reputable organizations. If you choose to watch horror movies or visit haunted houses, use caution. Take a trusted friend who knows your fear. Use breathing and visualization techniques to manage your symptoms and be prepared to leave if you experience panic attacks.

Volleyball Word Search, Vocabulary, Crossword and More

Violent Video Games And Television - 1485 Words

On April 20, 1999, two senior students plotted a school shooting, sadly managing to kill 12 students and one teacher, along with several other major injuries. Knowing they would soon be caught, the two perpetrators committed suicide. This was the Columbine High School massacre. Although their motives were unclear, investigators concluded that the shooters conspired to â€Å"compete† against other mass shootings in the ‘90s, stating that they were homicidal psychopaths. The shooting was known as the deadliest school shooting ever recorded (History). This incident sparked issues over gun control, goth subcultures, use of pharmaceutical antidepressants, and violence in video games and television. The two students were said to play and watch countless hours of violent video games and television and that was known to be a major cause for this catastrophic event. Therefore, the issue over violent video games and television should be regulated or restricted to children and espe cially to teenagers. One of the many reasons violent video games and television should either be restricted or regulated carefully are because of the safety for society. Since the Columbine shooting, many issues sparked nationwide concerns and produced many studies on whether violence in video games and television should be permitted at all. Other mass shooting that occurred between 1999 to today showed a major correlation between shootings and violent video games and television. Violent video games that haveShow MoreRelatedViolence in Television, Movies, and Video Games Should Not Be Censored1653 Words   |  7 PagesVIOLENCE IN TELEVISION, MOVIES, AND VIDEO GAMES SHOULD NOT BE CENSORED Television, movies, and video games have a great influence on the minds of todays youth. But, what exactly are the effects of such an influence? Certain people have exaggerated the effects that these media have on todays youth. Many people, including government officials, have singled out these three media sources as the cause of some types of violence simply because it is an easy target for laying the blame. The truth isRead MoreThe Effect of Violence in the Media on Children Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesTelevision, movies, and video games are a big part of childrens lives in todays technologically advanced society. However, there is a big controversy questioning the effects of these media outlets on children. Much of society claims to have proof for the belief that media violence affects children negatively. However, I am skeptical of the evidence that is stated to prove that claim. I feel that society has placed the blame on these mediums for the violent acts, however serio us or trivial,Read More Violence in the Media is Not to Blame for the Effect on Children1158 Words   |  5 PagesMedia on Children Television, movies, and video games are a big part of children’s lives in today’s technologically advanced society. However, there is a big controversy questioning the effects of these media outlets on children. Much of society claims to have proof for the belief that media violence affects children negatively. However, I am skeptical of the evidence that is stated to prove that claim. I feel that society has placed the blame on these mediums for the violent acts, however seriousRead MoreDoes Violence Affect Children?1384 Words   |  6 Pagescan hold major consequences for society. With increased access to firearms and explosives in today’s society, it is important to know what exactly can cause a child to become violent in the present and later on in his or her life. Many variables are involved when children are growing up that may lead them to become more violent. These variables are poverty, family psychopathology (mental disorders), if the child is abused, their exposure to violence in their community and environment, substance abuseRead MoreNegative Impact of Media Violence on Children1704 Words   |  7 Pagesprevalent, it has also become more violent. In the earlier part of the twentieth century media such as motion pictures and radio provided entertainment for those who could afford them. Although these commodities were present few people considered them necessary for living. With the introduction of television in the middle of the century , mass media availability began to increase. By the year 1955 two-thirds of all homes in America were outfitted with a television set. This figure increased to aroundRead More Violent media Images and video games results in violent behavior890 Words   |  4 Pages Violent Media Images and Video Games Results In Violent Behavior Can violent media images and video games result in violent behavior? The answer is yes. For a few decades now hundreds of researchers have take time to research the relationship of media images and video games to violent behavior in children. In the next few paragraphs I will discuss why media images and video games result in violent behavior in children. This paper will also provide some important factors that adults shouldRead MoreEng 1011630 Words   |  7 PagesViolence in Music Videos and Music Lyrics has a negative impact on children. Music videos that expose profanity and sexuality are inappropriate and leave a negative impression on young children. Violence in music videos can cause health problem. Music videos that promote negative lyrics are affecting young children. Music lyrics with vulgar languages affect the development and well-being of young children. For example, the study author (Stone, 2009) found â€Å"that music with explicit referencesRead MoreVideo Ga me Violence Essay1280 Words   |  6 PagesVideo Game Violence Concerns about the effect of media violence on children extends back at least to the beginning of the mass media, with the issue raised with reference to films, radio, television, comic books, and so on. As technology brings new types of media to the fore, the issue shifts to depictions of violence in these new media. Both popular sources and scholarly address this issue, asking in effect how violent video games change children’s behavior and make them more violent, assumingRead MoreVideo Games : Video Game Violence Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesVideo Game Violence Blood and gore, intense violence, strong sexual content, use of drugs. These are just a few of the phrases that the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) uses to describe the content of several games. The future of entertainment revolves around technology. Along with the evolvement of technology, video games are also changing. More ways of playing violent video games are created each year, but most of us have this question in mind; do violent video games influence peopleRead MoreYouth Violence: Is the Media to Blame?1514 Words   |  7 PagesYouth Violence: Is the Media to Blame? COM/156 07/27/13 Mallory Dunkley Youth Violence: Is the Media to Blame? Not all children who watch violent programming get in trouble with the law; some feel that there is a strong direct link between the two. There is a good deal of compelling data that suggests that there is a direct link between the media and youth violence. Throughout our history, the media has and can influence people in different ways but the more obvious question

Interpretation And Comparison Of Online Digital Objects

ACC100 Delwyn Johns Assessment One: Interpretation and comparison of online digital objects. *PLEASE NOTE: As I was unable to find both of these scenes by themselves online, I have transcribed where they occur in their larger bodies and have attached screenshots that directly relate to my points. OBJECT ONE: ‘Projector Scene’ from the episode Hush, of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, occurring approximately 27 minutes in. I have chosen to scrutinize this particular scene as its complete lack of dialogue allows us to closely examine how non-verbal communication is used to convey meaning. â€Å"Nonverbal communication between people is communication through sending and receiving wordless cues† (Stephen W. Littlejohn 2009). When we consider that ‘Individuals are believed to use clothing to define and communicate their social identities to others† (Fienberg 1992), we can attach a wealth of information to the onscreen characters simply from observing their costumes. Giles’ blazer allows him to be viewed as authoritative and mature; Buffy’s fashionable outfit is synonymous with her popular status, whilst Xander’s sports Guernsey and sneakers underpin his casual, outgoing persona. The director of the show uses the ‘style, branding, colour and fashionability’ of the clothing as a tool for the audience to ‘assess their personality traits’ (Chalky et al, 2012). Non verbal communication within this scene also manifests itself via kinetic transmission; that is, ‘posture, eye contact and theShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Unauthorized Downloading And Piracy1259 Words   |  6 PagesCopyright policies have always been an issue throughout history, with the advancement in technology digital piracy being a fairly new phenomenon has made it necessary to reevaluate and update copyright policies to the 21st century. When comparing the Canadian and US copy right and piracy laws it is evident that although there are similarities and differences, the Canadian approach proves to be effective at protecting the owners of the works in the issue of unauthorized downloading and piracy. ItRead MoreThe Development of Identity1419 Words   |  6 Pageswith the â€Å"social identity† and can be defined by what is called interpersonal relationships, where an individual’s identity is defined by the outside world around them. There have been many apparent joint effects of interpersonal relationships and digital media use has on adolescents’ sense of identity. In every person’s life, parents or guardians serve as models of identity, either positive or negative, and confirm the identities that their children express (Cooper, Grotevant, Condon, 1983). AnRead MoreTechnology And The Digital Revolution2073 Words   |  9 Pagesvalue. Digital technology is being used to combat some of the main problems that cultural heritage sites face, including inaccessibility, the lack of connection between visitors and objects, and the safety of objects during travelling exhibitions. No longer bound to a specific site or to physical limitations, technology is allowing modern museums to create unique experiences and encourage visitor participation in unprecedented ways. Increased access to the internet has the benefit of online sourcesRead MorePractical Multipechoice5663 Words   |  23 Pagesdirect false claim B) claim-belief discrepancy C) inferential discrepancy D) interpretation discrepancy E) none of the above Answer: A Page: 281 and 306 Difficulty: moderate 2. Perception is a process that begins with consumer exposure and attention to marketing stimuli and ends with consumer _____. A) interpretation B) attitudes C) action D) acceptance E) behavior Answer:Read MoreThe Relationship Between Print And Digital Reading Essay2186 Words   |  9 PagesPrinted and Digital Analyzing some aspects of the relationship between print and digital reading. A first essential aspect: more than indicating the substitution of texts printed by the digital ones, the readers of our universe of research coexistence of these two formats (Dourish Mazmanian, 2013). There is no disjunction, for the readers that would take the form of reading in print or digital, reading in one or the other; is verified in the practice that readers read both. This reading in bothRead MoreThe Visual Recognition Of Image Patterns2724 Words   |  11 Pagesdescriptions of the visual signal. For example, objects on a moving conveyor belt may pass an inspection station under the surveillance of a camera to detect defective or faulty parts. Therefore, images have to be analyzed online, and the pattern recognition system has to classify the objects into either â€Å"defective† or â€Å"nondefective†class. After that, a decision has to be taken, such as to reject the defective par ts. In an assembly line, different objects must be classified in one of a number of classesRead MoreInternet and Youth Culture4867 Words   |  20 Pagesdescribe this generation of youth, including â€Å"Net-generation,† the â€Å"millennium generation,† and â€Å"digital natives.†1 These labels attempt to identify a large group of young adolescents who grew up during the expansion of the internet and from early childhood have 1 Marc Prensky, â€Å"Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants Part 1,† On the Horizon 9.5 (October 2001): 1–6; Don Tapscott, Growing Up Digital: The Rise of the Net Generation (New York: McGraw Hill, 1998). Gustavo S. Mesch is an AssociateRead MoreActivity Theory As A Theoretical Framework1697 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Activity theory template/framework to indicate close convergence; and in that process I was able to identify some of the glaring omissions (highlighted red) 1. Subjects: Who? (cyclically download old known data and reload newly discovered digital information driving the web-based space) †¢ There are hierarchical layers of researchers. This comprises a principal investigator (PI), few senior research scientists (SRS) and a large number of associate level scientists. The latter actually carryRead More8. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRACKING METHODS Achieving Project Aim 1 required a comparative analysis2800 Words   |  12 Pagesextends the linking structure of the Web to use Unique Resource Identifiers (URIs) to name the relationship between things. It is based upon the idea of making statements about resources (in particular web resources) in the form of subject, predicate, object (a triple) expressions. RDF ontologies are often encoded using Extensible Markup Language (XML) (W3.org, 2014b). Although the design of XML focuses on documents, it is widely used for the representation of arbitrary data structures, for example inRead MoreIllegal Downloads and the Affect on the Film Industry13468 Words   |  54 PagesMEDIA@LSE Electronic MSc Dissertation Series Compiled by Dr. Bart Cammaerts and Dr. Nick Anstead Why pay if it’s free? Streaming, downloading, and digital music consumption in the â€Å"iTunes era† Theodore Giletti, MSc in Media Communications Other dissertations of the series are available online here: http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/media@lse/mediaWorkingPapers/ Dissertation submitted to the Department of Media and Communications, London School of Economics and Political Science, August

Ray of Hope for the Older People-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write a word opinion editorial that critically analyses the challenges with realising aspirations of the common good in your professional community, locally and globally. Answer: A ray of hope for the older people The recent declaration of the Government that they will be taking special care of the ageing population of Australia by extending their working lives post retirement is really a very generous one as it will help thousands of people. This will help in supporting the older group of people who often suffer from problems of homelessness and unemployment. This seems to be a relief from the employment crisis of the aged people that has been telecasted on media over the last few days. This is high time that we should be thoughtful about this fact. This is because we must be treating our elders as our assets and not as our burden. We have to keep this in mind that we have learnt so much from our parents, grandparents and our forefathers. It is their valuable advices that have shaped our lives in a proper way and has made us what we are today. Just as they have rendered their support to us during our childhood now it is our turn to support them during their old age (Cochran, 1999). The Church has declared that the employment opportunities that are to be granted to the older generation of people post retirement must not only be out of economic consideration. It also has to be based on respect and dignity (A VOTE FOR THE VOICELESS A statement by the Catholic Bishops of Australia on the election, 2016). The older people are to be provided with proper work ambience and work flexibility so that they can work with peace and dignity. We have to make sure that there is no discrimination made between people based on their age. I know how people can often become cruel and inhuman towards their own old parents. We must keep in mind that old age is a situation when people actually need the care, attention and love of their family members. I have seen one of my neighbours ill-treating his father when he was in his seventies stereotyping him as dependent, unemployed and unproductive. These repeated insults from his own son became intolerable for the father. He had used major amount of his savings for his sons education and now it was the same son who was accusing him of being unproductive and useless. Unable to tolerate this insult he had left his home without any information. The main motif is to serve the common and the overall good of the society. Australia has made new laws in order to promote the global welfare of the nation. Australian Government is trying hard to render proper care and attention to the older generation of people. One of the most important aspects of the common good is poverty and inequal ity-The care of the elderly. As per the catholic teachings, there must be no discrimination among people and they must be given equal opportunities. However this is becoming a major problem because many older people are having low or insufficient income (Nicholas, 2010). Often families are ignorant towards the older members or are unable to provide enough support to the caregivers. Though caregivers are appointed by some families but it is their duty to support the caregivers (Francis, 2017).This hampers the mental and the physical health of the told people because they suffer from insecurity and they feel unwanted in their own families. They start feeling that they are a burden for the family. However the Church and the Bishops are making sufficient efforts to deal with this problem. Many old age care associations are patronized buy the Church. However efforts are to be made to encourage the community to play an active role in this. The young generation of the community must come forward and support the older people (Vote for the Common Good (Catholic Bishops Conference of England and Wales, 2001). The young people must take out some time to spend with their parents and grandparents. They must make their grandparents feel that they are not a burden rather a very important part of the families. Even if caregivers are being appointed the family members must make sure to support the caregivers and to personally look after the needs of the older people as well. They must join hands together to set up various NGOs and old age care facilities for helping the older generations of society. The extended work life also must be done to allow the elder people to work with dignity. They must not be seen in any utilitarian aspects. They are to be considered as our heritage and not as a means of economic growth. In doing so we must recall the teachings of Christ from the Gospels where he said that society must give up greed towards materialism (Clark, 2014). It is this greed that tortures the oppressed. There must be proper justice rendered to all the social beings. References A VOTE FOR THE VOICELESS A statement by the Catholic Bishops of Australia on the election. (2016). (pp. 2-3). Braddon: Australian Catholic Bishops Conference. Clark, M. J. (2014).The Vision of Catholic Social Thought: The Virtue of Solidarity and the Praxis of Human Rights. Fortress Press. Cochran, C. E. The Common Good and Healthcare Policy May-June 1999. Francis, P. (2017).A place at the table: social justice in an ageing society Australian Catholic Bishops Conference(pp. 5-15). Nicholas, V. (2010).Choosing the Common Good(pp. 1-17). London: Alive publishing house. Vote for the Common Good (Catholic Bishops Conference of England and Wales) (2001).

Knowledge is a true organ of sight Essay Example

Knowledge is a true organ of sight Essay Knowledge is a true organ of sight, not the eyes is a quite interesting quote by Panchatantra. To answer this question it would be easiest that one would first translate it into an easy understandable sentence with a clear message, since this quote can have multiple meanings. The way I found this quote to make the most sense is when I translated it into the following sentence; Knowledge is a real consultable source of seeing, not the eyes. I find this the best translation to understand this quote, since it is very clear and straightforward. The next questions one could ask him/herself is: Is the quote true, and till what extent is this quote true. Is the quote Knowledge is a true organ of sight, not the eyes true or not? To say if the quote is true or not is a big statement to make right away, therefore I found It easiest to look at an example which could help to understand this quote better. A good example to start off with is this: When one is watching television and one sees something on the news about an arrested murderer and one sees his face one might think, he looks like such a nice guy, but one knows that he did commit murder and therefore is probably not such a nice guy as one thought initially. What you know to be true and what might seem true to the eyes is not always the same, this does not mean that it is never true but the eye can be misleading. We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge is a true organ of sight specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge is a true organ of sight specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge is a true organ of sight specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In this case the eyes failed to lead you to the truth, but because you linked your knowledge to what you saw a correct image got created, therefore we can say that cooperation between both sources organs of sight created a correct image, had one organ failed than we could say that a faulty image would be there. An obvious question one could ask himself/herself states: What about a blind man? This is a quite difficult question to answer, to answer it we will have to ask ourselves: what do we actually mean by sight. If we interpret it the scientific way we can say that the blind man has no sight, since no light which is entering the eyes is being interpret correctly. If we look at it in an different way by interpreting sight to be analyzing what is around us, the blind man will have sight, since he can analyze specific objects, however he will need different sources organs to do so, for instance his hands. We know blue is blue, since we were told when we where little that the color we see is blue. Our sight was matched with what we know to be blue. Our knowledge is being matched with our sight, so that we know what something is. If one of these organs also known as sources does not work, or doesnt work properly a faulty image can be created. To prevent a faulty image to be created it is good to depend on both sources instead of only calling knowledge a true organ of sight. When taking this in account it can be said that the quote by Panchatantra Knowledge is a true organ of sight, not the eyes might not be fully correct, since the human depends on both the sources, knowledge and sight. It therefore only applies till a certain extent. When we relate this quote to science a whole new view gets created, when we look at biology we can see that observation by eye sight is needed to gain knowledge most of the time. Eye sight is initially needed for the first researchers to have gained this information. How would we have had all this knowledge if we did not find it out initially, it was initially found out by observing by eye, and therefore the eyes can also be seen as a true organ of sight. If eye sight was not available human beings would not have gained a lot of knowledge, and therefore human beings have to rely on both sources of sight and not just one.

Family Tree and Ancestors of Alfred Sharpton, Jr.

Family Tree and Ancestors of Alfred Sharpton, Jr. The Reverend Alfred Al Sharpton is a well-known civil rights activist and Pentacostal minister. He was preaching in his hometown of Brooklyn, New York, by the age of four, and in 1964, at the age of 10, he was ordained as a minister. His parents divorced the same year, after Alfred Sr. began an affair with Al Sharptons half-sister, Tina - his mother Adas daughter from a previous marriage. In 2007, Ancestry.com discovered that Al Sharptons paternal great-grandfather Coleman Sharpton was a slave once owned by a relative of the late segragationist South Carolina Senator Strom Thurmond. Tips for Reading This Family Tree First Generation: 1. Alfred Charles SHARPTON Jr. was born 3 October 1954 in Brooklyn, New York to Alfred Charles SHARPTON, Sr. and Ada RICHARDS. Rev. Al Sharpton married Kathy Jordan in 1983 and the couple has two daughters: Dominique and Ashley. Second Generation (Parents): 2. Alfred Charles SHARPTON Sr. was born about 1927 in Florida. 3. Ada RICHARDS was born about 1925 in Alabama. Alfred Charles SHARPTON Sr. and Ada RICHARDS were married and had the following children: i. Cheryl SHARPTON1 ii. Alfred Charles SHARPTON, Jr. Third Generation (Grandparents): 4. Coleman SHARPTON, Jr. was born 10 Jan 1884 in Florida according to his WWI Draft Registration Card and the SSDI, although this may be inaccurate, as he does not appear in the 1885 Florida State Census with the rest of his family. He died 25 April 1971 in Wabasso, Indian River County, Florida. 5. Mamie Belle JACKSON was born 25 Feb 1891 in Georgia and died 12 July 1983 in Jacksonville, Duval County, Florida. She is most likely the Mamie SHARPTON appearing in the 1910 Berrien County, Georgia Census, with husband C. Sharpton and son Casey JACKSON. Other SHARPTON siblings are also found in Berrien County in 1910. Coleman SHARPTON Jr. and Mamie Belle JACKSON married about 1910 and had the following children: i. Kate Kanovia SHARPTON b. 1 March 1912 and died 1 December 1979 in Florida. She married Louis Baker, Sr.ii. Remather SHARPTON b. abt. 1914 in Florida and died 1932 in Florida.iii. Jesse SHARPTON b. 23 June 1915 in Florida and died 8 Dec 1973 in Indian River County, Florida. He married Emma WARREN.iv. Charlie SHARPTON b. abt. 1917 in Floridav. Magnolia SHARPTON b. abt. 1918; married Chester YOUNG in 1934 vi. Nathaniel SHARPTON b. 3 May 1920 in Liberty County, Florida and d. 16 June 2004 in Brooklyn, New York. He was fully paralyzed in an accident on 9 September 1951.vii. Ladia Bell SHARPTON b. abt. 1922 viii. Elijah SHARPTON b. abt. 1923; married 1942 Jushita ROBINSONix. Elisha SHARPTON b. abt. 1923; married 1942 Inez COXx. Viola SHARPTON b. 24 Aug 1924 d. 24 Aug 2004xi. Essie Mae SHARPTON b. abt. 1926; married ? GREEN2. xii. Alfred Charles SHARPTONxiii. Leroy SHARPTON b. abt. 1929xiv. Raymond H. SHARPTON b. 24 May 1932 d. 23 Aug 1988 6. Emmett RICHARDS was born abt July 1900 in Henry County, Alabama and died 6 Nov 1954 in Henry County, Alabama. 7. Mattie D. CARTER was born 7 Mar 1903 in Alabama and died Dec 1971 in Eufaula, Barbour County, Alabama Emmett RICHARDS and Mattie CARTER were married abt. 1922 in Alabama and had the following children: i. Ree Dell RICHARDS b. abt. 19233. ii. Ada RICHARDS

The Implementation of Social Learning Theory by Anytowns Department of Essay

The Implementation of Social Learning Theory by Anytowns Department of Job and Family Services - Essay Example The forceful separation of a child from its parents will lead to the emotional turmoil of all the family members involved in the issue, no matter how legally and theoretically justified an organization is in doing so. However, the cases have to be studied closely because there are many instances where the parents can pose real threat to the physical existence and mental health of children. In such cases, there cannot be any other option than separating children from their homes. The key factors that should determine it has to be clear evidence, proper understanding of the situation and ensuring the well-being of the child who is taken to the care of the state or foster care services. It is possible that the department has misinterpreted/misappropriated the finding of Social Learning Theory, which states, â€Å"aggressive children have parents who use similar tactics when dealing with others. For example, the children of wife batterers are more likely to use aggressive tactics themselves than children in the general population, especially if the victims (their mothers) suffer psychological distress from the abuse†. The quantitative nature of the study makes it impossible to judge isolated cases where children who feel more secure with their parents who happened to be abusive on rare occasions, than to be brought up in an institutional ambience. Moreover, there could be instances of some parents losing their control over themselves under the influence of intense emotional turmoil due to extraneous affairs.

Money versus Religious Object Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Money versus Religious Object - Essay Example I have a parachute and obviously money would mean I will be able to buy anything I longed for. Money in itself serves as a religious object. Evidently, benefits of the $10 million will be more compared to the one for the religious object.In my economical perspective, money is the stronghold of my survival and this is why I have chosen to go for the $10 million. It is not that I am not religious. Good life is proportionally related to the money one has in this world. Everyone in this world longs and works hard to get more and more money. This is because they have a longing for something money provides. In this regard, I believe to some people money serves as a religion. This is so because it controls and manipulates people towards doing some things they were not likely to do. In order to maintain order and a sense of belongingness in a community, money is a pre-requisite. I choose the $10 million dollars not only for a good life but also for respect in society. I chose it because I al so have dreams that I ought to make a reality. I believe money is just a need and would not overcome my religion. I do perceive it differently in my case. I cannot enslave and misuse humanity since I have all the money in the world. I envision a sense of purpose when I have the $10 million dollars and not the religious object. The advantage about the $10 million dollars is that given I use it wisely, I will generate more and more of it and this will boost my survival instincts and that of the society as a whole.

Physiological Benefits Of Physical Activity Health And Social Care Essay

Physiological Benefits Of Physical Activity Health And Social Care Essay Introduction Over the past 25 years, the UK has seen an increase in individuals aged 65 yrs and over. In 2009, it was reported by the Office of National Statistics (2010) that the population aged 65 and over increased from 15% in 1984 to 16% in 2009, which is an increase of 1.7 million people. They predict that by year 2034 23% of the population is projected to be aged 65 and over compared to 18% aged 16 and under. The fact that people are living longer is associated with healthy active living, over the past 10 years health has steadily improved (ONS, 2004). It is reported that older adults who are physically active report a greater satisfaction in life (Weinberg Gould, 2007) this is due to retaining mobility and keeping their quality of life and independence (Chaudhury Shelton, 2010). In 2008, the Department of Health (2010) reported that 39% of men and 29% of women aged 16 and over met the governments recommendations for physical activity, this was compared with 32% of men and 21% of women in 1997. However, evidence suggests that with an increase of age there is a decrease in levels of physical activity regardless of the well publicised benefits of the association with good health and well being (Berger, Der, Mutrie Hannah, 2005). Retirement can be a key time to focus on physical activity and well being. It is a time where people can review many areas of their life, including their health. People make preparations for retirement in different ways but research shows that very little preparations are made for health promoting physical activity (Chaudhury Shelton, 2010). As the older adult population is rising, maintaining a healthy life is a growing public concern (Acree, 2006) in year 2002, physical inactivity was reported to cost  £8.2 billion a year (NHS, 2008). A recent study by Chaudhury Shelton (2010) formed the basis of this study, the paper explains the data analysis from the Health Survey for England (HSfE) in 2006 and 2007 which focused on physical activity participation amongst 60 to 69 year olds and knowledge of the physical participation requirement. The study highlighted that older adults had unrealistic views of their perceived activity levels and reported that there was a lack of knowledge regarding the recommended physical activity guidelines. They examined the perceived barriers to physical activity participation and reported that barriers such as work and lack of time prevented them taking part in exercise. From the study they concluded that there needs to be more focus on health promotion and education particularly in the over sixties. In order to promote healthy living firstly, we need to understand why physical activity decreases with age. The purpose of this study is to explore the attitudes and behaviours towards physic al activity with particular focus on 60- 69 year old. A qualitative study will provide the basis of this study. Qualitative methods offer the opportunity to explore an individuals experiences, perceptions, motives and barriers to physical activity (Thomas, Nelson Silverman, 2005). In addition, this study will review other studies which have been carried out associated with physical activity around retirement. Aim The aim of this study is to explore the attitudes and behaviours towards physical activity in people aged 60 69 years focusing on continuity and change around the time of retirement. Objectives 1. To explore knowledge of physical activity recommendations and attitudes to participation 2. To research continuity and change in levels of physical activity at retirement 3. To describe perceptions of sufficiency of own physical activity behaviour 4. Explore the perceived barriers to meeting governments recommended levels of physical activity, before and after retirement. Analysis from the data obtained from the interviews can be used to provide recommendations towards improving the transition to retirement in terms of achieving health promoting physical activity levels. Limitations There are limitations regarding the sample size and reliability of the information. The sample size was small and levels of activity were what participants perceived as being enough exercise however despite this the literature was consistent with our findings. Literature Review Physiological benefits of Physical Activity According to World Health Organisation (2010) globally, physical inactivity contributes to 1.9 million deaths per year and is currently the fourth leading risk factor for all deaths. It has been well publicised that regular physical activity has a huge influence on promoting good health and psychological well being and is associated with the reduction of risk factors for chronic health problems such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and obesity (Martinez del Castillo et al, 1997; Sjogren Stjernberg, 2010). Physical activity can be defined as any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure above a basal level (WHO, 2010) and has a range of health benefits which can be achieved through sport and exercise or activities such as walking, cycling, gardening and housework (Department of Health, 2010). Although the aging process is vulnerable to a wide range of conditions such as hypertension, back pain, osteoporosis and some ca ncers studies have shown that physical activity can reduce these and can increase life expectancy and improve bone and muscle strength (Berger et al, 2005). Stewart et al (2003) examined a group of older sedentary adults and reported that physical activity was evidently associated with a reduction of bodily pain and that small amounts of regular physical activity was associated with better quality of life. King et al, (2000) studied physical activity and physical functioning in 103 adults aged 65 yrs and over using moderate-intensity endurance and strengthening exercises and stretching and flexibility exercises. The study reported significant improvements to quality of life and mobility. Research supports the theory that exercise enhances quality of life (QOL). Berger (2009) explains that QOL is a broad construct that reflects a persons perception of his or her own position in life in relation to personal goals, standards, and expectations within the context of culture and value sys tems in which the individual lives. Therefore the relationship between exercise and QOL may be influenced by an individuals own perceptions and values. Chaudhury and Shelton (2010) explain that by maintaining independent living is the key. Improving balance and co ordination can help prevent injury from trips or falls. Cassell (2002) recommended physical activity to be the best treatment for aging. Psychological Factors and Physical activity Brassington et al (2002) explains that the strongest determinant for physical activity participation for older adults is self efficacy or confidence. If a person enjoys what they are doing they are more likely to participate in it. Physical activity can be encouraged by many factors and older adults tend to look at physical activity as how it is going to benefit them. For example if I exercise I will lose weight or if I exercise and remain fit I will be able to play with the grand children. There are many theories which can be applied to health behaviours which we will look at later on in this paper. Participation is preserved through enjoyment and social support from friends and family. One study (Cooper Thomas, 2002) used ballroom dancing as a way of keeping fit and were physically challenged by using different styles of dancing to suit the persons skills. Dancing encouraged social networks which supported participation across major life events such as loss of a spouse or friend t hrough support from other dancers .Having a social network or living with a partner has found to have a positive influence on physical activity participation (Bruce, 2002). Regular exercise can help preserve independence (Sparling et al, 2000) it can increase feeling of self worth, increase self efficacy and reduce feelings of feeling reliant family members (Chaudhury Shelton, 2010). Research suggests that the health benefits of physical activity and exercise are now well established. In 2010 the World Health Organisation reported that by 2020 depression will follow cardiovascular disease as the worlds leading cause of death and disability. Psychological disorders such as depression are commonly treated by medication or by taking part in therapy sessions however, more people are now looking at physical activity as a way of dealing with feelings of depression (Weinberg Gould, 2007). Barriers to Physical Activity The benefit and the barriers to physical activity are significant for behaviour change and its important that in order to increase participation that we understanding the barriers that older adults face. The Health Survey for England (2008) reported that 41% of men and 43% of women reported lack of time as the main barrier to exercise many older people may have caring responsibilities or may be involved in voluntary work and use lack of time for a reason not to exercise (BHF, 2010). Barriers can be classified into two groups these are intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic barriers are based on an individuals belief, previous experience or self efficacy. Brassington et al (2002) explains that the strongest determinant for physical activity participation for older adults is self efficacy or confidence. Many older adults have the fear of not been able to keep up with the class or not wanting to attend the class alone. They may be conscious of their body image and fear for lack of changing f acilities. Extrinsic barriers refer to the environment for example; concerns for safety older adults may be concerned about slippery pool side surfaces, ageism, or skills of teachers (BHF, 2010). Overcoming these barriers is paramount in promoting health and independence and by taking part in regular physical activity will in turn help prevent ill health and disability. Those who understand the benefits to exercise will have fewer barriers than those who are not aware of the benefits to physical activity and those who have several barriers will have low perceived benefits. It is important that people are educated of the benefits to physical activity. Socio-economic status and physical activity Research has looked at how physical activity can be influenced, factors that have been found to be most significant amongst older adults include education, social class, participation earlier in life, social support and opportunity factors (Bird, 2009). Martinez del Castillo et al, (2005) examined the participation rates of physical activity between social classes and reported that there was a positive relationship between social classes. The results found that the percentage of those physically active were Upper class =38.2%, middle class =18.5%, lower class= 9.7%. The relationship was found with their present income; those who had adequate income participated in physical activity and those that didnt did not want to participate. Overall, the lower the social status the less old adult participation in physical activity. Those who had encouragement from a partner or a social network who wanted to take part in physical activity took part. This is not to say that people from lower cla sses would be exempt but local opportunities and encouragement may contribute to leading healthy lifestyle (Martinez del Castillo et al, 2005). Lower classes do not always get the same opportunities, the higher someones socio economic status the greater the opportunities (Berger et al, 2005). Those amongst lower socio economic groups, health has always been an issue and suggests education and health promotion focusing on low income communities (Peterson et al, 2006). The Whitehall study (2004) of British Civil Servants explored the relationship between work, retirement and physical activity. They found that different occupational grades affected health. Those in a lower employment grade had a higher mortality rate compared to those in higher grades. Physical activity was least regular with those working full time compared to those working part time or not at all. This would suggest that those working part time or not at all would have more time to exercise. Interestingly, after reti rement those who worked full time were found not to increase their levels of activity however, those who worked part time or not at all did. The frequency of physical activity amongst the different occupational grades was found to be higher with more sport and gardening done by higher occupational grades (Mein et al, 2005). Sjogren Stjernberg (2010) found that having access to areas for country walks, parks and recreational centres are the most important factors for influencing outdoor activity. Education is an important predictor of older adult physical activity; women with a low level of education compared to women with a higher level, those with a higher level were more likely to take part in physical activity. Mortality rates are lower amongst those who become physically active later in life compared to those who may have been active earlier in life but now have a sedentary lifestyle (Sjogren Stjernberg, 2010). Arguably, Berger et al, (2005) reported that education, car and de privation were not strong predictors of whether someone regularly takes part in physical activity instead other lifestyle factors such as not smoking and healthy diet were strong predictors. Continuity and Change Continuity and change plays an important role in the transition to retirement, whilst retirement is seen as a time of leisure, studies have shown that only a small amount of people make changes to their leisure activities after retirement (Nimrod, 2007). Atchley (1989) explains that the Continuity Theory is considered a key feature of post retirement leisure, the theory holds that, in making adaptive choices, middle-aged and older adults attempt to preserve and maintain existing internal and external structures; and they prefer to accomplish this objective by using strategies tied to their past experiences of themselves and their social world. Change is linked to the persons perceived past, producing continuity in inner psychological characteristics as well as in social behaviour and in social circumstances. Continuity is thus a grand adaptive strategy that is promoted by both individual preference and social approval. In recent study Nimrod (2007), explored the adaptation process to retirement, particularly changes in behaviour and the psychological benefits. The study involved examining four different groups of people (1) expanders-those who report participation in a greater amount of activities at a higher frequency, (2) reducers-those who reported participation in the same or in fewer activities at the same or at a lower frequency, (3) concentrators-those who report participation in the same, or in fewer activities, but at a higher frequency, and (4) diffusers-people who report participation in a larger number of activities but at the same or at a lower frequency. Interviews were carried out using four different questionnaires. Their finding supported the Continuity Theory that people did not tend to engage in any new leisure activities after retirement they simply spent more time participating in the activities they were involved in pre retirement. Participation in activities in early life promotes participation later in life (Martinez del Castillo et al, 2005). Government guidelines and initiatives The recommendation for how much physical activity is required has changed over the years (Berger et al, 2005). The Chief Medical Officer for England set a target that by 2020 70% of the UK population will be reasonably active (Allender, Cowburn Foster, 2006). The current recommendation for physical activity is at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity activity, 5 days per week to improve health and quality of life, this can be built up in bouts of 10 minutes or more (Berger et al, 2005; Allender et al, 2006; Berger, 2009; WHO, 2010). Moderate intensity could include activities such as gardening, swimming, house work or home improvements, the intensity should correspond to that of a brisk walk (Berger et al, 2005; NHS, 2010). Short bouts of exercise are more tolerable and more enjoyable than long or high intensity exercise (Wilson, Yilla Soloman, 2001). The issue is not being able to get people to exercise it is encouraging people to adhere to exercise (Byrne Byrne, 1993). In a rep ort by the Department of Health (2001) the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommended a programme for patients suffering from depression using structured, supervised exercise, three times a week for 45 minutes to 1 hour for 10 to 12 weeks. The programmes were rolled out through exercise referral schemes. In 2006 NICE reviewed the scheme and found that there was insufficient evidence. This was due to patients not maintaining the physical activity they had been prescribed as they found leisure facilities and gyms intimidating and adherence levels dropped. If patients are to adhere to exercise long term it needs to be an activity that they enjoy. National and local policies aim to promote independence and mobility, prevent ill health disease and disability and prevent accidents amongst older people. The following government initiatives are currently available; Free swimming for the over sixties Lets get moving Physical activity care pathway programme. Chief medical officer report at least 5 per day Choosing physical activity an action plan Heidelberg guidelines for promoting physical activity amongst older people Sport England Sport playing its part Policy on sustainable walking Policy on sustainable cycling The government is always looking for ways to promote physical activity. Theories are used in assisting with promoting health behaviours. Transtheoretical Theory and Physical Activity Over the years there has been an increasing need for more theory driven research in health behaviour change. There have been many theories developed to help understand changes to health behaiviour for example The Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1977) and the Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska DiClemente, 1984) which is one of the most widely adopted models in health promotion. The components of the Transtheoretical Model that have been applied to exercise are stage of change, processes of change, decisional balance, self-efficacy, and temptation to not exercise. Stage of change refers to a persons readiness to engage in regular exercise. Pre contemplation is the stage where someone does not take part in any physical activity and is not planning to start within the next 6 months. Thee contemplation stage is where someone is considering taking part in physical activity within the next 6 months, someone may stay in the contemplation stage as long as 2 years but may never move from thi s stage. Someone in the preparation stage may have already started to exercise but nothing regular but they have taken the first steps to start. The Action stage describes someone who has been exercing for less than 6 months. This is the most unreliable stage and there is a possibility of relapse. The Maintenance stage describes someone who has been exercising for 6 months or more. It is likely that once reaching this stage that someone will continue to exercise and it becomes part of their daily routine. It is important to identify what stage a person is at before putting strategies in place to promote physical activity (Sparling, 2000). The Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1977) Methodology To meet the aims and objectives of this study, qualitative research methods were used to obtain information. Qualitative researchers study things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or interpret, phenomenon in terms of the meanings people bring to them. It involves the studied use and collection of a variety of empirical materials (e.g., life story, interviews, etc.) that describe routine and problematic moments and meanings in individuals lives (Denzin Lincoln, 1998). Qualitative methods aim to explore and individuals experiences, perceptions, motives and barriers (Thomas Nelson, 1996). It is inductive which enables a theory to be developed following the collection of the data. There are three different types of interviews Structured; usually with a structured questionnaire, Semi structured; Open ended questions, and un-structured; Questions are based on what the interviewee says (Britten, 1995). For the purpose of this study a face to face semi-structured interview was conducted in November 2011 and took place at the respondents homes situated in the North West England. The study was based 2 female retirees aged between 60yrs and 69yrs who retired during the past five years. Open questions were asked during the interview regarding: Previous occupation(s), leisure time activities, reasons for retirement, knowledge of physical activity and participation in physical activity. Interviews lasted between 30 and 45 minutes. Interviews were arranged by telephone. 15 women were asked if they would consider participating in the study. 2 women volunteered. Interviews were arranged at a time convenient for the participants. They were advised that no costs would be involved and were notified that the benefits for taking part in the study were that they will receive information relating to physical activity and details of the current government recommended guidelines. Sampling Criteria Consideration was applied as to who could be purposively selected for this study. Participants were recruited from a local womens group. The inclusion criteria were they should be aged between 60 69 years, working to retirement or retired within the last 5 years. Exclusion criteria included; history of psychiatric illness including depression, history of neurological illness or history of heart disease. Interviews were arranged by telephone. 15 women were asked if they would consider participating in the study. 2 women volunteered. Interviews were arranged at a time convenient for the participants. They were advised that no costs would be involved and were notified that the benefits for taking part in the study were that they will receive information relating to physical activity and details of the current government recommended guidelines. Ethical Issues Prior to this research commencing ethical approval was obtained by the University. An information sheet and a consent form was prepared and handed to the participants 24 hours prior to the interview. This enabled the participants to ask questions and to give consent prior to the interviews commencing. Participants were advised that interviews would be recorded and that all information from the interview would be kept confidential. They were free to withdraw from the study without reason at any time and that any data would be destroyed. Data Analysis Following the interview the interviews were transcribed Results and Discussion In general, both participants considered themselves to be physically active whilst at work. P1and P2 had occupations within a shop setting where they did alot of lifting and carrying. P1 worked in a florist and P2 in a supermarket both participants explained that they enjoyed their jobs but as they became older they found it difficult to be as active at work as much as they had been. P1 explains; .ill health caused me to say enough is enough because I was working 16 / 17 hours per day because we were so busy. P2 explains; .I did a lot of lifting in my job that is one of the reasons why I came off the job, I had to do a lot of kneeling, it was causing me a lot of pain on my knees. Both participants explained that they still wanted to be active but natural ageing caused them to slow down. P2 expanded on this and went onto say that in the 8 years building up to retirement she helped out in a childrens nursery, helping wash up, answering the door. After retiring from the florist she still felt that she needed to keep busy. Whilst being active in the workplace I how far participants lived away from their work and how they used to get there. P1 explained that although she only lived 5 minutes away she would drive to work. This was because she would start at 4am by attending the markets to buy the flowers for the shop and generally would not finish until 6 or 7 o clock in the evening. Deliveries would also need to be done during the day so she needed the car. P2 also drove to work however she would sometimes walk depending on the time of the shift. P2 explained that if it was evening she would definitely drive. When asked the reasons for walking whether it was to en able her to keep fit. P2 explained that it never crossed her mind that it was exercise and that it was doing good, she did it because she fancied a walk and wanted some fresh air. Their understanding of sport and physical activity was fairly accurate. It was explained that sport was something that you took part in, went out and played. Where physical activity was explained as a hobby something that was pleasurable. Physical activity does not have to be competitive. Many studies only examine leisure activities, its important that if we are to encourage healthy living that Simple housework, home improvements or going for a brisk walk are included in the daily accumulation of physical activity. When asked about what leisure activities they participated in before they retired P1 explained; I cant say I had a lot of time when I came home from the shop, apart from cooking and baking, going for a walk, going to football match, things like that, holidays theyre all classed as activities arent they P2 explained;Leisure time was a non entity, no such thing as leisure time, because I had a home and a family to look after so there wasnt really time for any leisure time, the only time was perhaps later in an evening where you would perhaps sit down and watch the television for a couple of hours before you went to bed at night. This highlights the barriers, lack of time being the primary reason for not exercising this corresponds with the English National survey where lack of time was reported as the main reason and most frequently reported barrier for not taking part in exercise. Women typically find it difficult to find time to exercise due to the demands of a family, household jobs and work, they rarely have time for themselves. Making physical activity part of your daily routine encourages physical participation throughout the life course which enhances both mental and physical well being. Those who participate in physical activity throughout their life are more likely to continue this later on in life (Castillo et al, 2005; Berger et al, 2005).P2 explained that she had never participated in any sport throughout her life as it was just not something that she was interested in. P2 explained Because im just not a sporty type of person im more into delving in history, thats my past time, which does not require much physical exertion.. . As highlighted previously exercise does not need to include sport activities but moderate intensity exercise such as going for a brisk walk, gardening or housework are all types of exercise. P1 explained I am a crown green bowler, I was the president for the North Lancs and Fylde, I was the captain of the county When asked if this was something she had aways taken participated in. P1 explained that her husband who has only just recently passed away was also a bowler this influenced her to participate in this past time together. Castilo et al, (2005); Bruce, (2002) identified that having a social network, including living with a partner encouraged participation. Both participants retired at retirement age because it was the right time, so they could start to sit back and enjoy life. Both participants could afford to retire and decided it was ready to enjoy life. This supports the theory that a persons socio-economic position continues to influence on post-retirement activities (Scherger, Nazroo Higgs, 2010). P1 explainedWhen I turned 60 he said come on lets spend some time together, lifes too short and you dont realise, you think you have years so I said right I will do so I did.. P2 explained It was retirement age and I just felt it was the right time for me to retire, id had enough of working life I just wanted to get out the rat race of working, cause I wasnt really enjoying my job at that time. I can afford to retire so thats what I am going to do and enjoy life a bit.. People make preparations for retirement in different ways but research shows that very little preparations are made for health promoting physical activity (Chaudhury Shelton, 2010). When asked about how they would consider keeping fit and healthy in retirement, P1 explained; Never crossed my mind, I knew I would still always be doing, I knew I still did things. I bowl even more now, even in the winter I do indoor bowling P2 explained; No, I knew I would go for walks, I have a garden at home, I have a grandson who id be running round after Participants were asked about their knowledge of the government guidelines for physical activity. Research suggests that very few people know how much exercise is required. P1 and P2 responses correspond with this. P1 replied .Well I wouldnt know what it was but I would imagine there was one P2 replied .no Participation in activities appears to be based on enjoyment and social networks (Allender et al, 2006) I asked P2 the main reasons for participating in bowling now whether it was for the fitness or more the social aspects? P1 replied Both really, meeting people, social side of things Chaudhury Skelton (2010) stated that those not in work reported more physical activity at home or during leisure time compared to when in employment. When asked if they thought they were more active now or before they retired both participants said that they thought they were more active now P1 explained. yes I would say now. P2 explained . I would say I have more now. Berger et al, (2005) outlined that if a person is considerably active during employment that activity is not always replaced after retirement. The study found that people in work were more likely to meet the daily levels of exercise required than in retirement. Physical activity should be measured in other activities to ensure the recommended daily levels of activity are met. P2 added that she also does volunteer work at the local church. Van Willigen (2000) reported that older people who worked as a volunteer experienced positive changes in perceived health and experienced an increase in life satisfaction Both participants were aware of local activities aimed at the over 60s however, both stated that they perceived that took part in enough activities to meet the daily target of 30 minutes per day. People make preparations for retirement in different ways but research shows that very little preparations are made for health promoting physical activity (Chaudhury Shelton, 2010). Conclusion The aim of this study was to explore the behaviours and attitudes to physical activity around retirement age. My findings are show that there are clear variations of older adult physical activity from sport related activities to general leisure time. Studies have shown to examine formal activities but there is li

Language Essay :: essays research papers

Introduction To awaken from the dream means recognizing the illusory nature of this constricted self concept and perception of the body and mind, not as a means as of gasping at the ephemeral pleasures of the world or as a prison enclosing the self, but as an instrument for learning and communicating in various languages. Before the Move Two months before moving to New York, my friend William, thought he would be kind enough to warn me about the vast culture of the, â€Å"Big Apple.† William begins by telling me that I would not be able to survive the cultural diversity and I would not be able to get a good paying job or housing because of my ethnicity. Well, was he very wrong. Since I commuted to and from New York three times, a week I decided to put in a transfer from the company I was employed with to work in their satellite office in New York. When speaking with Cindy, one of the customer service representatives already living and working in New York, I mentioned to her that I was relocating to the New York office but did not have a place to live. Immediately, Cindy who I did not meet at the time offered me full living quarters with all the amenities for a charge of $445.00 a month. Gleefully, I accepted without even looking at the place. Moving day I had two oversized suitcases and my brother at my side, who kept telling me to, â€Å"You can make it.† Because I was somewhat familiar with my surroundings, it was no problem for me to jump on the â€Å"E† train from Manhattan to Queens, New York. It was not until my brother Jerry and I got to Jamaica Queens that William’s words replayed in my mind. â€Å"You will not be able to survive the cultural diversity.† There were so many people from different cultural background gathered in one place ranging from: Jamaican, Guyanese, Trinidadians, Indians, Hispanics, Caucasians, Blacks and Mexicans. They were shopping, walking, talking, waiting for the bus and catching the dollar vans, going to their different destinations. After I stood there for a moment (relieving myself of the shock), while almost getting knocked down, I called Cindy on my cell phone to let her know I had arrived at the arranged pick-up spot. Prior to that day, when speaking with Cindy, I never knew she masked her Trinidadian accent.

It was not the children that were stolen, but their soul

Jane Harrison’s novel Stolen shows how children’s souls are stolen and the tragic effects of it. The main five characters, representing Stolen Generations which refers to the children being taken away from their Aboriginal family, had different life experiences. It is their experiences reflect their stolen souls, including loss of culture, misunderstanding of personal identity and destroyed emotional and spiritual world. There is no doubt that being taken away from family and parents leading to a nonsense of their culture. Understanding of a specific culture is gained by immersion in it. Without growing up with and learning the culture, people can’t find connection between themselves and where they should belong to. Showed in Stolen, Sandy, the oldest child when was taken, had a better knowledge to the Aboriginal culture. The story of â€Å"Mungee† and the fact that â€Å"women put sand in themselves to stop raping† indicates Sandy’s understanding. However, the other four characters always wondering â€Å"where am I belonged to†, they got lost because they had no idea about the environment and background of where they should be grown up with. Being stolen from their parents results in the lack of belonging due to stolen history. It is the children’s personal identities that being stolen as a result of taken away from parents. Without love and care from family but a burden of hard work. The children in home centre were unprotected and tired. Ruby, â€Å"an used and abandoned girl†, ended up in a mental hospital murmuring â€Å"I got a lot to do† and â€Å"I need no home†. She couldn’t recognize her parents and sister any more, even didn’t know who she was and where she came from. On the other hand, Anne seems to live happier. Being adopted by a friendly white couple, Anne enjoyed a better material treatment than others. Although she knew that â€Å"we chose you†, she tried to tanned herself, seeing herself as a white girl. â€Å"You mother is an Aboriginal†, Anne was confused about who she was and where she belonged to. Struggling between the two families – the white one or the aboriginal one, Anne still het hurt. Being stolen as a young little girl, Anne not only lost the chance to stay with her family, but also experienced a lack of self-understanding. Undoubtedly, the children’s emotional and spiritual world was ruined because of the stolen. They suffered a lot, like working as a slave, unspoken abuse, and concealment of truth. Jimmy, who almost forget his name was Willy, cried for his mother everyday when he was in the children centre. â€Å"You mother is not coming for you. She’s dead. †, told the despicable woman who â€Å"took great care† of the children. Sandy was indeed heart broken and eventually committed suicide after knowing the death of his beloved mother. Furthermore, Shirley suffered twenty-seven-year long separation. â€Å"I hold her in my arm once, and not have a second chance for over twenty years. Never give up looking for her children, Shirley was the most lucky one. â€Å"She now have a mother and a grandmother, that’s all that matter. † When the nurse asked Shirley to give the baby, Shirley cried and felt herself awkward, that’s all due to the terrible experience she had, and the whole Stolen Generations as well. From all discussed above, we can see that Jane Harrison shows how children’s souls were stolen in many layers, including the lack in their own culture and personal identity, as well as the badly hurt emotion and spirit.

Eating Disorders and Female Athletes Essay example

Eating Disorders and Female Athletes What are eating disorders? Eating disorders are characterized by gross disturbances in eating behavior and include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, eating disorders not otherwise specified(NOS), and binge eating disorder. Also, several researchers have coined the term anorexia athletics. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by refusal to maintain body weight over a minimum level considered normal for age and height, along with distorted body image, fear of fat and weight gain, and amenorrhea (absence of menstruation). Bulimia nervosa is characterized by binge eating followed by purging. These behaviors should occur at least twice a week for three months. Binge eating disorder typically†¦show more content†¦Prolonged amenorrhea (5 months or longer without a menstrual period) is seen in some athletic groups. It may be associated with eating problems and dieting behavior, or simply with high levels of physical activity. (Brooks-Gunn, et al.) Who is at risk? Numerous studies have shown that athletes are more prone to developing eating disorders than nonathletes, as well as female athletes being more at risk than their male counterparts. Disordered eating is seen in athletes of all sports. (Johnson, 1994). The prevalence of eating disorders in the female athletic population ranges from anywhere between one and forty percent, depending on the athletes questioned, and the methodology used (Sundgot-Borgen, 1994). Rosen and Hough (1988) found that 32 percent of athletes practiced at least one pathogenic weight-control technique(141). A study done by Sundgot-Borgen, in 1994, controlled for the possibility that self-report data could be unreliable in numerous ways, including not informing coaches of their intentions, and assuring 100 percent confidentiality to the athletes who participated. It found that the risk for eating disorders is increased if an athletes dieting is unsupervised, if there is an early start to sport-specific training, and/ or extreme exercise (Sundgot-Borgen, 418). Does the nature or type of sport matter? Yes and no. It is believed that the highest prevalence of eating disorders is in female athletes competing in sportsShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders Among Female Athletes958 Words   |  4 PagesEating Disorders Among Collegiate Female Student-Athletes Eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia) are not rare in today’s society. They have become increasingly common among young women. Research indicates that there is a link between the media’s representation of â€Å"the perfect body† as well as ideals of attractiveness with dissatisfaction of body image and eating disorders (Ferguson, Munoz, Garza, Galindo, 2013). In this current literature review, I will focus on the impact of eatingRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Eating Disorders Among Elite Female Athletes1773 Words   |  8 Pagesthat elite female athletes, who need to be in near-perfect shape to compete, would be the last people to develop an eating disorder. Good afternoon Principal Mr Grimes, special guests, staff and students. My name is Marine Madsen and I am here today to present my Research Project: The Prevalence of Eating Disorders Amongst Elite Female Athletes. (CHANGE SLIDE) Today I will be addressing two questions. Firstly, what is the prevalence of eating disorders amongst elite female athletes and is thisRead MoreEating Disorders Has Affected The Lives Of Many Athletes Around The World1546 Words   |  7 PagesEating disorders have affected the lives of many athletes around the world. Being scared of being overweight but rather caused by an addiction to food can result in the development of an eating disorder. There are several reasons as to why someone may have an eating disorder such as the sports they play or even the worldly view of how an ideal body is supposed to be. They have an effect on the person’s health and also on their social interactions with others. Many sports where the player’s weightRead MoreWomen s Lack Of Eating Disorders1488 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many eating disorders like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and feeding and eating conditions not elsewhere classified are clinical mental disorders. It is clear that 95% of dis ordered eating cases occur among women and that 90% of cases occur in people under the age of 25.7 In the case of young female athletes in general, it seems that they have a similar risk of developing disordered eating as non-athletes (de Oliveira Coelho, et al, 2014). The prevalence ofRead MoreEssay about Annotated Bibliography666 Words   |  3 PagesAnnotated Bibliography – Nature vs. Nurture (Eating Disorders in Sports) Nanci, H. (n.d). Athletes hunger to win fuels eating disorders. USA Today. Retrieved October 4, 2012, from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=4amp;hid=108amp;sid=31311eaf-b919-4f19-89a3-14bb34d54865%40sessionmgr114amp;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=rchamp;AN=J0E127639281306 Kimiko Hirai Soldati, a 2004 Olympic diver, remembers exactly when her bulimia started. A college coach in Pennsylvania wanted herRead MoreEating Disorders And Anorexia Nervosa947 Words   |  4 PagesEating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder consist of emotions, attitudes, and behaviors surrounding weight and food issues. Up to 24 million people of all ages and genders suffer from an eating disorder in the U.S (ANAD, n.d.) bulimia nervosa as well as the other eating disorders are considered to be a female eating disorder, a disorder that only affects women which limits males to seek treatment let alone make aware to other that they suffer from bulimiaRead MoreFemale Athlete Triad : A Condition1359 Words   |  6 PagesBailey Jensen Mrs. Hable College Prep Writing 11 September 2015 Female Athlete Triad Female athlete triad is a condition where bone loss, irregular menstrual cycles, and energy deficiency occur in athletes. Occasionally referred to as the triad, this condition is seen mostly in female athletes, although in rare cases male athletes can suffer from it as well. It occurs so often in today s female athletes however, due to distorted body expectations, common menstrual irregularities, and the alreadyRead MoreEating Disorders in Sports1405 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction General Background The occurrence of eating disorders are a serious problem worldwide. A major problem with this disease, abnormal eating behaviour that can threaten your health or even your life,(1) is that the mortality prevalence rates are highest among those who are not under professional care: per 100 000 females, 370 die suffering from Anorexia Nervosa and 1500 women with Bulimia die.(2) The worldwide prevalence of eating disorders among athletes, 0-19% for men, and 6-45% for women, is higherRead MoreWhy Athletes Are Becoming An Elite Athlete909 Words   |  4 Pagesschool or becoming an elite athlete in the professional sense, where the individual now earns a living from playing said sport. Athletes are defined as an individual who has trained and/or become skilled in sports, exercise, or games in which require physical strength, stamina, and agility (Merriam-Webster Dictionary). This then posses the question, can an individual whom is not at their best physical strength or agility or stamina be someone that we’d consider an athlete? We’ve seen over time an increaseRead MoreFemale Athletes And The Female Athlete, By Irene Lambrinoudaki And Dimitra Papadimitr iou1063 Words   |  5 Pagesin the female athlete,† by Irene Lambrinoudaki and Dimitra Papadimitriou, written in 2010. My athletic career ended recently, however being a three sport female athlete in high school and participating in two sports in college was extremely important to me. By being so active with sports, this article caught my eye and has made me realize how common it is for women to suffer from this bone loss problem. Reading this has interested me in wanting to learn more about bone loss in female athletes and what